Describe the function of the pitot-static system.

The pitot-static system serves a vital role in measuring essential flight parameters critical for the safe operation of an aircraft. Specifically, it measures airspeed through the pitot tube, which captures dynamic pressure, and altitude via the static port, which senses ambient atmospheric pressure. Together, these readings allow the system to determine vertical speed as well.

When the aircraft is in motion, the airspeed indicator uses the difference between the total pressure from the pitot tube and the static pressure to provide the pilot with the aircraft's speed relative to the surrounding air. The altimeter, utilizing only static pressure, translates changes in atmospheric pressure into altitude readings, which is essential for maintaining safe separation from the ground and other aircraft. Vertical speed, or climb/descent rate, is calculated based on changes in static pressure over time.

In contrast, the other options do not pertain to the functions of the pitot-static system. Real-time weather updates are typically provided by onboard radar and satellite systems, fuel flow control is managed by the aircraft's fuel system, and monitoring engine temperature and performance involves separate instrumentation distinct from the pitot-static system.