What is a major consequence of wake turbulence for following aircraft?

Wake turbulence is a significant phenomenon created by the passage of an aircraft through the air, resulting from the aerodynamic forces acting on it. As an aircraft flies, it generates vortices, or swirling air patterns, particularly from its wingtips. Following aircraft can encounter these vortices if they are flying in close proximity to the leading aircraft, especially during takeoff and landing phases.

The major consequence of wake turbulence for following aircraft is that it can cause sudden and unexpected movements. These unforeseen disturbances can lead to loss of control or destabilization of the aircraft, particularly if the following aircraft is smaller or lighter than the one creating the wake. This makes it critical for pilots and air traffic control to maintain safe distances between aircraft, especially during operations at busy airports.

In contrast, the other options do not represent conditions associated with wake turbulence. Wake turbulence does not improve stability, increase fuel efficiency, or reduce pilot workload; rather, it necessitates heightened awareness and caution on the part of pilots to navigate safely through or around these vortices.