What must pilots maintain to prevent CFIT?

To prevent Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT), it is crucial for pilots to maintain situational awareness and navigation accuracy. Situational awareness involves understanding one's position relative to the terrain, weather, and other aircraft, which is vital for safe flying. This awareness allows pilots to make informed decisions to avoid unintentional collisions with the ground or obstacles.

Navigation accuracy complements situational awareness by ensuring that pilots can reliably determine their flight path and position. Accurate navigation helps pilots to stay aware of their altitude and proximity to the terrain, thus minimizing the risk of CFIT incidents. Maintaining these skills is critical, especially in challenging conditions such as low visibility or when flying in unfamiliar areas.

While other choices like low-altitude flying techniques, communication with passengers, and regular checklist procedures can also contribute to overall safety, they do not directly address the primary factors that lead to CFIT. Successful prevention of CFIT centers on the pilot’s active management of awareness and navigation, which are key components in maintaining safety in flight.